IP Protection Levels


Dust and Water Resistance Tests

The IP rating system provides a method to classify products based on the dust, water, and impact resistance of electrical equipment and packaging. This system is recognized by most European countries and is announced in the IEC 529 (BS EN 60529: 1992) external packaging protection level (IP code).

Dust Test

For the dust resistance testing requirements of products, there are specific testing specifications under IEC/EN 60529. Any product that needs to prevent solid objects (solid objects), such as arms, fingers, metal rods, metal wires, and even dust, from entering the product has a set of standard testing equipment, methods, times, and compliance criteria.

The full name of the IEC/EN 60529 standard is Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code), meaning the level of protection provided by the product's casing. IP is the abbreviation for International Protection, indicating an internationally recognized level of protection, which is increasingly adopted by more countries.

Generally speaking, most IEC or EN product standards set their dust resistance requirements based on the conditions of IEC/EN 60529, such as testing conditions or judgment criteria, to meet the special needs of their products. Products requiring dust resistance testing are mostly used outdoors, such as protective covers, equipment boxes, lighting fixtures, wireless APs, and information products.

Water Test

For the water resistance testing requirements of products, there are specific testing specifications under IEC/EN 60529. Any product that needs to prevent solid objects (solid objects), such as arms, fingers, metal rods, metal wires, and even liquids (water), from entering the product has a set of standard testing equipment, methods, times, and compliance criteria.

The full name of the IEC/EN 60529 standard is Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code), meaning the level of protection provided by the product's casing. IP is the abbreviation for International Protection, indicating an internationally recognized level of protection, which is increasingly adopted by more countries.

Generally speaking, most IEC or EN product standards set their water resistance requirements based on the conditions of IEC/EN 60529, such as testing conditions or judgment criteria, to meet the special needs of their products. Products requiring water resistance testing are mostly used outdoors, such as lighting fixtures, wireless APs, bathroom products, and information products.

The IP protection level of surveillance systems is often indicated as IPxx, where xx represents two different numbers that denote the level of protection the product can withstand. For example, outdoor cameras often meet the IP66 protection level, while nitrogen-filled cameras can even reach IP68.

IPxx Dust and Water Resistance Levels — Dust Resistance (The meaning represented by the first x digit)

0 No protection
1 Protection against large solid objects
Can prevent objects with a diameter greater than 50mm from falling into (a 50mm diameter spherical test rod must not fall completely into the enclosure)
2 Protection against medium-sized solid objects
Can prevent objects with a diameter greater than 12mm from falling into (a 12mm diameter spherical test rod must not fall completely into the enclosure)
3 Protection against small solid objects
Can prevent objects with a diameter greater than 2.5mm from falling into (a 2.5mm diameter test rod must not fall completely into the enclosure)
4 Protection against solid objects larger than 1mm
Can prevent objects with a diameter greater than 1mm from falling into (a 1mm diameter test rod must not fall completely into the enclosure)
5 Protection against harmful dust accumulation
Partially dustproof (has some dust protection but does not allow dust to interfere with normal function or reduce product safety)
6 Complete protection against dust
Completely dustproof (no dust can enter the enclosure)

IPxx Dust and Water Resistance Levels — Water Resistance (The meaning represented by the second x digit)

0 No protection
1 Dripping water has no effect on the enclosure
Can provide protection when water drips vertically (no harmful phenomena should occur when water drips into the enclosure)
2 Dripping water has no effect on the enclosure when tilted up to 15 degrees
Provides protection when water drips vertically, and the enclosure is tilted within a 15-degree range (when water drips in, the enclosure should be tilted up to 15 degrees from the vertical line, and no harmful phenomena should occur)
3 Water or rain from a 60-degree angle has no effect on the enclosure
Provides protection when sprayed with water (no harmful phenomena should occur when water is sprayed at an angle of 60 degrees from the vertical line to any side of the enclosure)
4 Liquid splashed from any direction has no harmful effect on the enclosure
Provides protection when splashed with water (no harmful phenomena should occur when water is sprayed in any direction towards the enclosure)
5 Washing with water has no harm
Provides protection when flooded with water (no harmful phenomena should occur when water is sprayed at any direction towards the enclosure)
6 Can be used in cabin environments
Provides protection under high-pressure water flooding (no harmful phenomena should occur when water is sprayed in any direction towards the enclosure)
7 Can withstand immersion in water for a short period (1m)
Provides protection when immersed in water (no harmful phenomena should occur when the product is immersed in water under specified time and pressure)
8 Can withstand prolonged immersion in water under certain pressure
Provides protection during continuous immersion in water (no harmful phenomena should occur when the product is immersed in water for a time agreed upon between the manufacturer and user, but not less than the time specified in code 7)

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